R v BM [2018]
1. Facts:
• Scenario: D, a tattooist, removed a customer’s ear, nipple, and part of their tongue to create a reptilian effect.
• Charges: Convicted of causing grievous bodily harm (GBH).
2. Outcome:
• Decision: The conviction for GBH was upheld.
• Rationale: The court held that consent was not a valid defence in this case.
3. Impact and Analysis:
• Test Applied: The court applied the test of whether the act produced a social benefit and whether it would be unreasonable to criminalise the conduct.
• Legal Basis: The decision reflects that consent is not a defence for acts that do not offer social benefit and where the harm is deemed excessive, thus overriding personal autonomy in favour of public policy considerations.